1910s


 * 1910s


 * __American Identity:__**
 * Woman's Suffrage:** At this time, women were stepping outside the four walls of their homes and venturing out into the new and exciting world of liberty. While the men of the time were going off fighting for America's freedom and identity, women were at home, working to improve their own identity. The nation as a whole, viewed America as a force to be wreckoned with, however, the women of the nation, wanted the same respect and recognition.


 * Progressivism:** The whole idea behind Progressivism is that society can change, that was America's destiny. Some of the main groups during Progressivism were:
 * Muckbreakers-journalists who exposed issues in society. This included:
 * Lincoln Steffens, who wrote for McClures Magazine which revolved around boss and machine politices.
 * Ida Tarbell, who exposed big business.
 * Thomas Nast, he was a political cartoonist and he destroyed Tammany Hall.


 * WWI:** Posters and other propaganda were used during this time, not only to prove true American identity, but also to inspire citizens to assist in the war effort.
 * __http://xbradtc.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/world-war-1-recruiting-poster.jpg__**

are based upon it, and the finest and most binding of our social relations. Nothing could be more menacing to a civilization than the sale of this as a commodity.
 * __American Diversity:__**
 * Woman's Suffrage:** The chastity of woman is at the foundation of Anglo-Saxon society. Our laws

George K. Turner, “The City of Chicago: A Study of the Great Immoralities,” 1907

http://wwwsoc.nii.ac.jp/jaas/periodicals/JJAS/PDF/2006/No.17-053.pdf

Women at this time were viewed as prizes, things a man, and society, should cherish. Therefore, prostitution at this point in time was an outrage! At the time of suffrage and the struggle for womens rights, prostitution was seen as disrespect of the female society as a whole, as well as female individuals.


 * WWI:** During the time of WWI, the nation was torn. Most wanted to not involve the country in a European War, however, certain groups, such as people who depended on foreign trade, wanted to stay involved with foreign affairs, including war. Even the president was torn as to what to do. However, when his country was put at risk, he chose to enter the war, despite some debate, to protect his own country, and hopefully assist the future and then current state of foreign trade for the United States.

__****Facts about this decade**.
 * __Culture:
 * Population: 92,407,000
 * Life Expectancy: Male 48.4 Female: 51.8
 * Average Salary $750 / year.
 * Unemployed 2,150,000
 * National Debt: $1.15 billion
 * Union Membership: 2.1 million Strikes 1,204
 * Attendance: Movies 30 million per week
 * Lynchings: 76
 * Divorce: 1/1000
 * Vacation: 12 day cruise $60
 * Whiskey $3.50 / gallon, Milk $.32 / gallon
 * Speeds make automobile safety an issue
 * 25,000 performers tour 4,000 U.S. theaters

Literature: During this time period, there were many people involved in literature. They would write short stories, novels and poems that reflected life in the country. Some of these writers included ** "Willa Cather (Nebraska), Booth Tarkington and TheodorDreiser (Indiana), Edgar Lee Masters and Carl Sandburg (Illinois), and Sherwood Anderson (Ohio)." One famous and influential author, Hamlin Garland, wrote an autobiography titled //A Son of the Middle Border// in 1917. This novell talked about growing up in Minnesota, Iowa, and South Dakota. http://www.enotes.com/1910-arts-american-decades/literature-an-american-voice-emerges ===http://manybooks.net/original_covers/g/garlandh/garlandhother07Son_of_the_Middle_Border-thumb.jpg ===
 * http://kclibrary.lonestar.edu/decade10.html

**Inventions: There were many different inventions throughout the 1910s. All of these greatly contributed to the American culture. **
= = === http://inventors.about.com/od/timelines/a/twentieth_2.htm  ===
 * ** 1910 ** . neon lamp --- by Georges Claude
 * 1911 . automobile electrical ignition system - by Charles Franklin Kettering
 * 1912 . life savers candy . by Clarence Crane
 * 1913 . crossword puzzle . by Arthur Wynne
 * 1914 . morgan gas mask .by Garrett A. Morgan
 * 1915 . Pyrex .- by Eugene Sullivan and William Taylor
 * 1916 . stainless steel -.by Henry Brearly
 * 1917 . patented the zipper ---by Gideon Sundback
 * 1918 . fortune cookies .by Charles Jung
 * 1919 . pop-up toaster .- by Charles Strite

In 1911, Veblen began working at the [|University of Missouri,][|Here][|,] he had support from [|Herbert Davenport], the head of the economics department. Veblen was not fond of [|Columbia, Missouri], but remained there through 1918. In that year, he moved to New York to begin work as an editor of //[|The Dial]//, and then in 1919, along with [|Charles Beard], [|James Harvey Robinson] and [|John Dewey], he helped in the founding the New School for Social Research. He was also part of the [|Technical Alliance], created in 1918-19 by [|Howard Scott], which would later become [|Technocracy Incorporated].
 * __Economic Transformations:__**
 * Progressivism:**
 * WWI:** Germans, at this time, were attack American ships. This was a direct result of America trying to stay out of the war, while staying involved in global trading. When The United States continued to trade with the British, who were enemies of the Germans throughout the war, the Germans were not happy. As a result, the Germans sank American trade and cruise ships. Their intentions were due to a suspicion that there were weapons meant for the British aboard. Due to the attack, 128 American passengers died aboard The Lusitania. Germans eventually attacked all American merchant shipping, regardless of the fact that America was neutral at this point in the war. Since merchant ships were at such high risks, the majority of international trade was forced to cease. This strongly hurt the American economy.

http://www.titanicandco.com/lusitania/lusitania3.jpg


 * __Religion:__**
 * Progressivism:** The progressive movement in politics provided a keynote for a dominant voice in American religion in the early years of the twentieth century. Much of the country's white, middle-and upper-middle-class, Protestant establishment believed that America had a special role to play in the destiny—even the salvation—of the world, and the years prior to World War I gave them ample reason for confidence. The prevailing scientific mood of the times fostered a belief in progress toward bigger and better things, and the religiously liberal as well as the politically liberal in the United States thus embraced the new and the modern as evidence of such evolution. They also believed they had the ability and a duty to aid in the betterment of society, so a "crusading," reformist spirit characterized the time. Theodore Roosevelt's Progressive Party platform of 1912 dovetailed nicely with the Social Gospel movement. Groups at this time would often reach out to the community.

[| http://www.enotes.com/1910-religion-american-decades]
 * Organizations: During this time period, there were a variety of organizations that were trying to help others and serve their community.
 * One organization that Hull House. Led by Jane Addams, the puprpose of this was to set up housing for the needy
 * Another organization, Social Gospel, used religion to reform. An example of this group would be the Salvation Army.

media type="youtube" key="3dPF0SGh_PQ" height="344" width="425"
 * __Politics and Citizenship:__**
 * Woman's Suffrage:**
 * **1910** Washington (state) granted woman suffrage.
 * **1911** California granted woman suffrage. In New York City, 3,000 marched for suffrage.
 * **1912** Teddy Roosevelt's Progressive Party included woman suffrage in their platform. Oregon, Arizona, and Kansas granted woman suffrage.
 * **1913** Women's Suffrage parade on the eve of Wilson's inauguration is attacked by a mob. Hundreds of women were injured,however, no arrests were made. Alaskan Territory granted suffrage.
 * **1917** Beginning in January, NWP posted silent "Sentinels of Liberty" at the White House. Nearly 500 women were arrested in June, 168 women served jail time, some were beaten brutally. North Dakota, Indiana, Nebraska, and Michigan granted presidential suffrage; Arkansas granted primary suffrage. New York, South Dakota, and Oklahoma state constitutions granted suffrage.
 * **1918** The jailed suffragists were released from prison. All the arrests were ruled illegal. President Wilson declared support for suffrage. Suffrage Amendment passed in the US House with exactly a two-thirds vote but lost by two votes in the Senate.
 * **1919** In January, the NWP lit and guarded a "Watchfire for Freedom." It was maintained until the Suffrage Amendment passes US Senate on June 4. The battle for ratification by at least 36 states began.



__http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://americancivilwar.com/women/Womens_Suffrage/national_womens_party/womans_suffrage_protester.jpg&imgrefurl=http://americancivilwar.com/women/Womens_Suffrage/womens_suffrage_summary.html&usg=__


 * Progressivism:** An abundance of interest groups with competing legislative proposals made this decade one of the most turbulent and exciting in U.S. history. Reforms at the federal level included the lowering of tariffs, the introduction of the income tax, passage of antitrust laws and the Federal Reserve Act of 1913, the direct election of senators, federal child-labor laws, and constitutional amendments prohibiting the consumption of alcoholic beverages and extending the vote to women. During the 1910s reformers at the state level enacted workmen's compensation laws and mothers' pensions (the first government-funded welfare plans for non-veterans). Urban reformers sought to weaken political bosses and their machines by implementing commission government and home rule. As the emergence of the modern bureaucratic state continued, various political factions battled for control in a society being transformed by the forces of industrialization, immigration, and urbanization. During his single term in the White House, President William Howard Taft, who served from March 1909 until March 1913, continued many of the reformist policies of his predecessor, Theodore Roosevelt. The presidency was TafVs first elected governmental office, and the politically inexperienced Republican leader lacked the necessary skills to hold together a diverse national constituency. Within months of his inauguration, Taft faced significant opposition from insurgents within his own party, and in the elections of 1910 Democrats gained control of both houses of Congress. In the presidential election of 1912 Democrat Woodrow Wilson garnered a plurality of the popular vote and won by a landslide in the Electoral College as many Republican voters, disillusioned by Taft, cast their ballots for the Progressive Party and its reform-minded candidate, Theodore Roosevelt. By the time the Republicans had healed the wounds of their internecine party warfare, the Democrats, under Wilson, had recaptured the presidency by a slim margin in 1916. In 1918, however, Republicans regained control of both the House and Senate and were soon setting a political course that would lead them to victories throughout the 1920s.

[| http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3468300443.html]

The definition of globalization is to "extend to other or all parts of the globe; make worldwide." During this time period, the United States was struggling to make itself known in the world and to gain respect from other nations. One step that the US took in accomplishing this goal was through World War I. http://dictionary.reference.com/dic?q=globalization&search=search**
 * __Globalization:__

when WWI began in 1914, the United States decided to remain neutral for a variety of reasons. Since America was so diverse, people could not agree on whether or not they wanted to enter the war. Also, Americans did not other countries to become involved in their affairs. As a result, the United States decided not to become involved in this war. However, many events prompted the United States to enter the war. One factor was propaganda. These posters and pamphlets were done in a way that would get American's interested in joining the war and to distrust the Germans. Because of propaganda, "Germany was seen by most Americans as a dangerous monarchy with autocratic militarist thinking, including a hidden agenda to undermine democracy and US power." Another factor that caused the US to enter the war was submarine warfare. and in 1995, the __Lustiania__ was sunk without a warning, killing over 120 Americans. One year later, the __Sussex__ was also sunk by German U-boats." These attacks caused Americans to view Germany as the enemy. The next factor is the Zimmerman's note. In a telegram intercepted by the US, Germany asks Mexico to attack the United States in return for protection and land. After these events occurred, America entered the war. WWI allowed the United States to show their strength and just how much of a super power they can be. It also caused them to become involved in foreign affairs and it led them one step closer to globalization.
 * WWI:

http://www.thenagain.info/WebChron/world/USWWI.html __Questions:__** **1)** **What was the foundation of Anglo-Saxon society?** a) The chastity of woman b) The birth of Christ c) The word of the British monarchy

a) Taking over the world b) To extend to other or all parts of the globe c) To make worldwide d) Both b and c
 * 2)** **Define globalization.**

a) Woodrow Wilson and Lincoln Steffens b) Lincoln Steffens and Ida Tarbell c) Ida Tarbell and FDR
 * 3)** **Who were two well-known muck-breakers?**

a) Being a newspaper writer b) Being a political cartoonist and destroying Tammany Hall c) Being one of the first men in his state to enlist
 * 4) What was Thomas Nast known for?**

a) Good Will and Loaves and Fishes b) Good Will and Salvation Army c) Salvation Army and Hull House
 * 5) What were the two Social Gospel movement groups?**

__**Short Answer:**__ 1. Name five inventions that were created during this time period and who they were invented by.