1900s

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The 1900's
//"A Fresh Start"//

=Globalization:=

During the period between 1900 and 1909, there were a series of technilogical advancements that led to the development of inventions that shaped the world. It wasn't exactly clear at the time but the inventions of the 1900-1909 period helped America rise to a global scale.
 * The airplane was first truly introduced in 1903 in the small town of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. Brothers and co-owners of their own bike shop, Wilbur and Orville Wright became fascinated with the idea of flight and successfully accomplished the first flight of an aircraft.
 * The invention of the airplane meant that eventually, travel, mail, and goods would be transported faster and more efficiently.
 * The development of the aircraft eventually allowed America to ship goods quicker overseas, allowing for a global scale economy.
 * Although at the time, no press really cared about the first flight, it set the foundation for one of the most rivetted invention by men today. (1)

(8)
 * Another incredibly significant invention of the 1900-1909 period was the automobile. Invented in 1908 by Henry Ford, owner and founder of Ford Motor Corp., the first automobile cost $850, however it appeared to have no real benefit to society. There were only 8,000 cars and 10 miles of paved road, so it wasn't until later that the automobile became a modern importance. (2)
 * The invention of the automobile meant that travel and shipping goods could become easier. The automobile eventually leads the the production of the truck, which is still one of America's shipping dependencies today.
 * The automobile set the foundation for generations to come. As the automobile evolved, more goods became able to be shipped, leading to more trade and therefore a larger economy. With the combination of interstate commerce with automobiles and foreign trade with the aircraft and boat, America became more globalized in the world market
 * Technology truly began to develop during the early 20th century. At the World Fair in Paris in 1900, many different ideas and technilogical advancements were shared by inventors and scientists all over the world. This type of shared ideas and unity towards technology promoted America to new ideas to begin the century. (3)
 * At the World Fair there were many different inventions with several purposes:
 * The wireless telegraph, allowing for easier communication without wires overseas to foreign nations
 * Overseas telephone communication, which also allowed for easier global communication
 * The diesel engine, Rudolf Diesel promoted his idea which developed into submarine transport, and further used in trucks, airplanes, and automobiles. (3)

(Dan) = Economic Transformations: =
 * American globalization was also set into motion by the new Foreign Policy instated by then president Theodore Roosevelt. With the idea of "talk softly, but carry a big stick," America was able to enter into a fresh global market with the rest of the modern world.
 * America became interested in foreign markets, sends goods throughout world
 * Deal with Japan after the Russo-Japanese War is broken
 * United States send the Great White Fleet, a tremendous fleet of white ships that sailed the world to demostrate the power that the United States possessed
 * With the United States trading with new nations and a large military force to back their authority, the United States was en route to becoming a global economic superpower.


 * There was no real significant rise or fall of the American Economy during the period betwen 1900-1909, however, new ideas of how to function in business, and key events set the course for a booming economy in the decades to come.
 * Frederick Taylor developed the concept of Taylorism during this time period. Taylorism is the basic fundamentals of business management and was quickly adopted by all businesses at the time. (4) Taylorism consisted of:
 * Wages based on performance
 * Divided tasks into smaller ones
 * Standardizing tools and machines
 * Task allocation
 * Work instructions for workers (4)

(Dan) =Culture:=
 * Henry Ford, the man who truly developed the first working automobile, developed his own ideas towards management and production of a company and products know as Fordism. (4) Fordism consisted of:
 * The idea of an assembly line; a series of specific tasks given to an individual to develop a part of a working machine.
 * Mass production plants to develop products in a single location
 * Production based on demand (4)
 * In 1902, workers in the Anthracite Coal Mine decided to go on strike as a result of poor working conditions and low wages. This created a huge problem for the nation as it depended on coal to heat homes during this winter period. Theodore Roosevelt intervened and forced an end to the strike, but led negotiations between both the coal miners union and the president of the company. (5) The resoultion was as follows:
 * The workers received a 10% wage increase
 * As well as fewer work hours in a day (5)
 * This compromise to this strike allowed for Unions to gain more power in the United States and therefore allow people to make more money which contributes to the developing Bull Economy starting in the United States.

= = (Dan)
 * During the 1900-1909 period, a lot of American culture began to develop. There were many instances that overlap, some that even exist in the modern era that set the culture and identity of America for decades to come. Some examples of American culture at the time were:
 * The First World Series
 * America became obsessed with baseball and designated it the "American Sport"
 * The first world series was in 1903 between Boston and Pittsburgh
 * Boston wins the first world series in Major League Baseball history (6)
 * The Earthquake of San Francisco
 * In 1906 San Francisco was hit by a major earthquake (7)
 * According to the U.S. Army, over 3,000 people died as a result of the earthquake, directly or indirectly
 * This developed the idea of spaced out buildings
 * Buildings with flexible steel
 * Mandated Fire departments (7)
 * Literature
 * Works during the time period displayed a view of society such as:
 * The Wizard of Oz by L. Frank Banm
 * The Jungle by Upton Sinclair
 * Led to the development of the FDA and meat inspection agencies
 * National Park System
 * Designed to preserve nations beauty and nature
 * Identity to lands in America

= American Diversity :=

(Tony) = American Identity: = (9) = Politics and Citizenship :=
 * America had many immigrants during this decade who came for personal reasons or religious freedom. These immigrants had very little trouble making a living in the United States and were not turned away from living here. Teddy Roosevelt had only one rule of thumb for them which was that they were loyal to the county. These immigrants helped the economy by taking available jobs but often beat the Americans to the jobs which upset a few during the decade.(2).
 * "In the first place, we should insist that if the immigrant who comes here in good faith becomes an American and assimilates himself to us, he shall be treated on an exact equality with everyone else, for it is an outrage to discriminate against an such man becuase of creed, or birthplace, or origin. But this is predicated upon the person's becoming in every facet an American, but something els also, isn't an American at all. We have room for but one flag, the American flag...We have room for but one language here, and that is the english language...and we have room for but one sole loyalty and that is a loyalty to the American people." (6).
 * Theodore Roosevelt openly welcomed immigrants as long as they were loyal to their new home country. (6).
 * The immigration Act was passed in 1907 and updated all old acts. In it, it added anyone who was not competint to make a living on the excluded list. (4).
 * In this decade Americans truly formed the definition of an American. During this time America was very successful. New technological advances moved the U.S. up the ranks in the world. Americans were proud to be who they were and where they lived. It is shown how superior we were by the massive numbers of immigrants during this decade. We were setting an example for countries around the world and many Americans were fulfilled by this. Our country was headed nowhere but for the stars and people had confidence and high hopes for our nation.
 * Immigration Act-supported competent immigrants capable of making a living to freely immigrate to America. (4)
 * Nobel Peace Prize- awarded to President Roosevelt in 1906 for work in Treaty of Portsmouth. In 1907 he made a speech turning over the prize money to the different categories for industrial peace. This prize still exists today. (8).

Big Stick Diplomacy- This is how the foreign policy of President Roosevelt was described. The “Big Stick” was a large navy fleet of ships sent on a tour of the world to display America’s force. This also included America defining itself as being an “international police power” in case of “flagrant cases of wrong doing”. (7) Panama Canal- This was built for two reasons. One was for military use and another for shipping. This was accomplished after Roosevelt bent the rules and supporting a revolution in Panama which caused them to create their own republic which then agreed to the construction of the canal.(7) (Tony)
 * Teddy Roosevelt became the nation’s youngest president due to the assassination on President McKinley. Not yet at the age of 43, he brought strong ideas of progressivism and broad executive power. (5).
 * The acts and decisions made by Teddy Roosevelt showed the people he was aggressive and wanted to expand the control of the executive branch of the United States. Teddy Roosevelt was a go getter for the American people and didn't hesitate to make the correct decisions.

__**1. The presses reaction to the first aircraft flight was:**__
a. Excited b. Indifferent c. Upset d. Angry

__**2. The Great White Fleet was a response to:**__
a. War in Europe b. A broken Japanese deal c. Nothing, it was spontaneous d. a&b

__**3. The Model T car cost:**__
a. $3,000 b. $20,000 c. $850 d. $600

__**4. Religion:**__
a. Influenced politics b. Changed drastically between 1900-1909 c. Had a major affect on the period d. Had no real effect on the time period

__**5. This act was passed by Congress in 1907 :**__
a. Meat Inspection Act b. Foraker Act c. Immigration Act d. Geneva Act

**__Short Answer__**: How did the period of 1900-1909 set America up to rise to power in the 20th century?
Sources: Tony 1. http://historicaltextarchive.com/sections.php?op=viewarticle&artid=598 2. http://lcweb2.loc.gov/learn/features/timeline/riseind/immgnts/immgrnts.html 3. http://www.urbanlegends.about.com/library/bl_roosevelt_on_immigrants.htm 4. http://www.theodore-roosevelt.com/immiact1907.html 5. http://www.whitehouse.gov.about/presidents/TheodoreRoosevelt/ 6. http://www.snopes.com/politics/quotes/troosevelt.asp 7. http://www.novelguide.com/a/discover/eueh_01/eueh_01_00096.html 8. http://www.theodoreroosevelt.org/life/nobelportsmouth.htm

1. [|http://www.nasm.si.edu/wrightbrothers/] 2. [|__http://www.hfmgv.org/EXHIBITS/HF/__]. 3.[|__http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/1900/peopleevents/pande29.html__] 4.[] 5. [] 6.[] 7.[] 8.[] (image) 9. []